Power transmission mechanism



Nov. 2, 1937. A. MAD LE POWER TRANSM I S S ION MECHANI SM Filed Dec. 9, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORI Nam Mad e ATTORNEY Nov. 2, 19 37. A. MADLE POWER TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed Dec. 9, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 W INVENTORI \oun Madle BY wax/L ATTORNEY Nov. 2, 1937. A. MADLE POWER T RANSMISSiQN MECHANISM Fil ed Dec. 9,1932

4 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR I Main MaoHe /Nov. 2, 1937, 'A. MADLE POWER TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed Dec. 9; 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR mir 10m ATTORNEY f l and rolling bodies.v

, m, the input a the torque-loadin Patented Nov. 2, 1937 p j UNITED STATES -PAT ENTQ;OFFICE i 3 2,097,631 p h 1 POWER TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Alain males York, N. Y.', assignor to Erban Operating Corporation, New York, N. 1., a corporation of New York M 9, 1932, Serial News; lsioiaims. (c1. ma-o) M a ofthe adhesive contact'when shocks-originate Application December This invention relates generally to power transmission mechanisms of the typerequiringa continuous, adhesive operative connection, between the driving and driven members and more particularly to transmissions ofgthis type where the speed ratio or the leverage between input and output shaft is continuously variable, and'I have therefore herein disclosed my invention as embodied in an adhesive system comprising races It will be understood, however, that asto features ofmy invention capable of more general application, my invention is not to be so restricted, unless the language of the claims specifically call therefor.

A power transmissionemploying adhesive con tact must employ some arrangement for applying at the points of contacta pressurecorrectly proportioned to the load. In arrangements to which this invention has reference, such pressure is in 20 the form ofan axial componentfdeveloped from the torque or circumferential force by means of a converting device positioned in the line of power transmission and to be hereafter referred to as a torque-loading device. it

Where the torque-loading device is positioned ,in the line of transmissionof the input power" to the adhesive system, such adevice can be arranged as to give thecorrect pressures without substantial time lag for all torque changes from endgfor a fixed ratio .of transmission. Sincehowever, the pressures developedat changing ratios of transmission remain constant for a given input torque, whereas, the required pressures vary with changing ratios, this manner of 35 association of a torque-loading device for aivariable transmission, to provide suflicient pressure for all ratios will apply anover-l'oad at all ratios, except that at which the required pressure equals the applied pressure. q; i

V .In addition, such an arrangement will be eifective within the limits above set forthonlywhere the torque changes, impacts or. shocks are transmitted to the adhesive system through theytorqueloading device. It will not be effective for shocks 145 or torque changes originatingeisewhereandnot of adhesive contact, willbreak the adhesive con-' tact of the system and will not be transmitted to device for compensation therefor by it and in the absence [of a special provision to prevent such an-occurrence, the adhesive contact will remain broken until restored from the other side. h

Where I have attempted to avoid, thebreaking 1,,which increases asprovision is'made for comat such-opposite end of the system by making specialiprovision thereagainst as by employingan arrangement which will supplement the-required pressure developed by a .to generate the requiredpressure, which is then transmitted back to the points of contact, the time lapse (hereinafter referred ,to as the time lag) between the application of ashock to the r points of'contact and the compensation therefor at such points, .nomatter how short will be suiflcient to break the driving: connection, if the shock is sufficiently sudden. Furthermore, the employment of such pressure applying means, to

supplement the torque-loading device, for the purposessuggested, entails the application at all times to the pointsfiof adhesive contact, of a pressure in excessof j thatrequired, an excess pensating for shocks of increasedgradients. it

,In an applicationcopending herewith, I show, in addition to the employment of a torque-load side- 0f the points of adhesivecontact for causing the system to be immedi ately responsive to torque-changes originating to that side, an arrangement in the form of'a secondltorque-loading device, atthe otherside, or output sideof the system responsive to torque changes originating to that side, so-that from whicheve'rside the changeinpowerfiow incident to torque change determined transmission ratio for which it is devised, it willof necessity provide an overload for all variations from such predetermined ratio because, whereas the pressures, will increase in re verse ratio tothe speed changes, such is not the case of the pressure requirements of, the system. Qne of the objects of my invention is therefore the provision of an arrangement whereby the pressure adeveloped by a torque-loading device times be sufficient and yet at: no time be considerably in excess of, the changing preswill at n sure requirements of-speed ratio changes. Another objector my invention is the provision "of an arrangement whereby a single torque-loadtorque with an excess-of pressure to counteract the shock, such means will mg device positionedto one side, i. e., the input ing device can be so devised and associated that it will function to develop and apply without a time lag, the correct pressures for all torque changes incident to power flow originating at any point in the system.

In the transmission system herein disclosed, the flow of power to the adhesive system is along one line of transmission from one end and along another line of transmission to the system from the other end. Such a system as a whole can be viewed as a leverage system of the first class which has a fulcrum about which the entire system pivots and at which point all the torques throughout the system react so as to give at this fulcrum point a torque reaction which is the resultant of all the torques present incident to the I power flow along the different lines of transmis- -to the changes in such sion to the system. The torque reaction at such fulcrum point therefore will at all times be truly indicative of all the torques existing throughout the leverage system presented by such transmission and such torque reaction at the fulcrum will accurately correspond in its changes to the changes of all the torques throughout the system.

I attain the general objects of my invention by so associating a torque-loading member as to cause it to respond to the torque reaction present in the system.

In the embodiment herein specifically disclosed, the adhesive system is shown as of the type inwhich the races are the driving and driven members of the system, and the rolling bodies serve as a transmission means between the two, and are shown as associated together by form a unitary roller assembly. Therefore, for purposes of treatment of this particular system as a leverage system, the roller carrier or cage can be assumed to be the fulcrum about which the entire system pivots and the reactions of the torques upon the carrier can be accepted as being the resultant of all of such torques or torque changes and as responding to all torque changes throughout the system. i

It is therefore a further object of my invention to so devise and associate a torque-loading device that it will develop an axial component that will-correspond to reaction torques existing in this carriage, and that willvary in proportion reaction torques, and this I attain in the illustrated embodiment by associating the torque-loading device directly with the roller system, and more particularly in so associating it that the torque-loading device will convert the reaction torques present in the roller carrier, into an axial componentwhich will therefore always be properly proportioned to therefore always in accordance with'the requirements of all of the torques throughout the whole system.

In the specific construction disclosed in the drawings, I accomplish this by so connecting the roller carrier to the torque-loading device that the tendency of any power flow to rotate the carriage will manifest itself in the operation of the torque-loading device, and for this purpose, I support my carriage for rotation with reference to the axis of transmission only, however, within the limits permitted by the torque-loading device, and only for the purpose of operation of the torque-loading device.

- It will, of course, be understood that the char-.

exempliflcation of one of the many arrangements for attaining my objects in the specific embodiment illustrated in the drawings. For example, the transmission system might have all of its three members free to rotate, one of the members rotating at a speed which is the resultant of the other two. Or the transmission might be a compound transmission comprising a plurality of transmissions, either in series or in parallel-or partly in series and partly in parallel, and in this case there may be more than one fulcrum, one of which can be selected as the main fulcrum and the others as subsidiary fulcrums.

In addition to the attainment of all of the objectives above set forth, my invention attains the further objectives in that the manner of association of the torque-loading member with the roller carriage or cage as herein set forth when analyzed permits this torque-loading device to act additionally as a resilient buffer to reduce the intensity and gradient of impacts to the system and might be used wholly for this purpose and apart from the purposes already set forth above.

In a system of races and rollers devised for speed variation, the attainment of 'such variation by a simultaneous angling control of all the rollers for rolling tilting purposes, introduces a high element of shift resistance and it is one of the objects of my invention to provide an arrangement whereby the tilting of all of the rollers is accomplished merely by the control of one of them, the remaining rollers being shifted through the cooperation of the rotating races and the controlled roller.

This arrangement for controlling only one of the rollers is of particular importance in connection with the reaction torque-loading because additionally it eliminates as a variant factor in the control of the torque-loading by means of the rotation of thecan'iage, all factors except the specific means for angling the single control roller.

My new arrangement for tilting the rollers by the control of a single roller will therefore have one aspect of general utility in systems of this character generally, and will have a second aspect of specific utility in connection with reaction torque-loading. v

For the attainment of these objects and such other objects as may hereinafter appear or be pointed out, I have illustrated embodiments of my invention in the drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the main axis of the transmission;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a front elevational view of a detail;

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken on line 4-4 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrow;

Figure 5 shows a detail;

Figure 6 is a section taken on line 6-6 of Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a section ure 1;

Figure 8 is a cross section carriage system of invention;

Figure 9 is a cross section of a detail taken on line 9-9 of Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a cross section of a detail taken on line Ill-l0 of Figure 8;

Figure 11 is a cross-section of a detail taken on line ll-ll of Figure 8;

taken on line 1-1 of Figthrough the roller another embodiment of my Figure 12 isacross-section ofadetailtalreu on linel3l2 oftFigurefi;

Figure 13 shows the detail of lz with diflerent position of the parts; 1

t Figure 14 is aperspective ofaidetail;

Figure'15 is a cross'sectiontalrenonline l5 -li oLFlgure8; Figure 16 is a side elevati anal view of the masterroller and thecontrollingifrz ime; Figure 1'! is a cross-section of a "detail talren on line ll- -llof FigureB. ,J 1

Before proceeding to describe my, improve-- ments, I will premise that-in the embodimentil- 3 My invention involvesia) a-new and improved arrangement whereby pressure appliedatthe 1 points of adhesive'contact is always suflicient for the requirements regardless ofthe point of origin of. the torques ori torque changes or of the gradients'of the torque changes, and yet generally not substantially in excess of such requirements and (b) a new and improved systemfor effecting the tilting of the rollers for speed ratio changepun poses: a

While I have merits the association of my improvedarrangement (a) above with a systemof races and roll ing bodiesin which the rollers are tilted for speed ratio change purposes, it will be understood that this has been done becausexofthe, fact thatit is in such relationship that feature (0) serves its function most peculiarly; so also I have illustrated in another embodiment,1the association of my new arrangement (b for tilting the rollers with mynew arrangement (a) for pressure developing application," because the former serves its function most advantageously and peculiarly in such association. It will, however, be understood thatmy invention is not necessarily lim- ,ited to the incorporationxof both featuresinto' a unitary mechanism or to theemployment of the former in a transmissionin whichthe speed ratio'can be changed. 1

- Uponxviewing Figure at the left a rotating member 0, and atthe right a rotating member C, either of which may it stood, as this description is read, that it is immaterial which is the driven member, and which is the driving member, and one can be the drivserve as the powerinput or driving member, in

whichevent the other will serve as the power output or driven member; audit will "be undering member for one moment, andthe other the driving member at another moment. In fact,

as will appear, it is an important feature of my invention that my structure isso devised.

However, for purposes of convenience ofdescription herein, the rotatingYmember C will be assumed to be the power input member, that is, the driving member, and the member C "will be assumed to be the power output member, or the driven member, although it will again beemphasized that this is only for thepurpose of convenience of reference.

I The torque is transmitted from the driving shaft C to the racerin'g ill inany preferredor desired manneiflas for example, by the connection shownin Figures Land awher'ein a pro awash illustrated mime of my embodi-x 1 of the drawings, I show iection orprojections 05 carried by the shaft C are received in ring II.- e i i The torque is then transmitted [from the race ring II to the race ring II by means of the rollers l3. The race ring I l' is connected to the driven shaft 0'; preferably in the manner to be hereinafter set forth, 'to complete thedriving connection between the input and output ends of the transmission system; f

An adhesive system of the character herein illustrated requires the application to the points of adhesive contact between the races andthe rollers, of the required pressure toestablishthe adhesive driving connection, and this required pressure will vary with the torque andwhere the speed ratio of .the systern is variable, will also vary with the change in thefratios. i 1 I willnow describe my arrangement for developing and applying to the points "of adhesivecongrooves I Gformed in the race 1 tact an axial component which is sufficient for 3 the requirements and for compensating for the,

changes in elastic deformations in thetransmission system due to changes in'pressures in the 1 system which occurwithchanges irrload orin the speed ratio, and before describing this new arrangement, I will premise that-'whiie-it contemplates'that fortransmitting motion, the races shall bethemovingrnembers and the roller systein shall be stationary, yet it also contemplates that the roller system shall be capable of a sufficient oscillation for compensating for the afore-f mentioned elastic deformations in themanner shortly to be pointed out.

The rollers'l3 are supported in acarriage 20 which takes the form of a spidenand the rollers form with this spider orcarriage a unitary assembly which will hereinafter be referred to as the roller system. The spider 20 is coupled to a disc in any preferred or desired manner,

as for example, by the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 6 wherein aniannulus, 22 "secured to the carriage as for example by pins" 23 has projecting rearwardly therefromytheengaging elements 24 shown in the form of rounded knobs on the rim of the disc 2|.

1 The spider or carriag'edfl is mounted on one of *the driving' shafts for free rotation thereabout in'any preferred or desired manner as forexample by the bearing 26. i 1 e The disc forms an elementof my pressure developing system which has hereinbefore been referred to as the torque-loading device and, which I willnow describe.

Upon viewing Figures 1 and 4 of the drawings,

:itwill be observed that this torque-loading device comprises the disc 33 and the aforemen tioned disc 2| and rolling bodies suchfias balls 3l received therebetween. The-discs 2| and 39 are each provided on their. adjacent faces with complementary grooves of the character shown inclined surfaces is part of a helix. 1

"The disc 30 is held against rotation as for example, by means of the element 5! carried by the frame and engaging in a slot 52 in the pe-,

riphery of this disc.

A torque-loading member of the character or ends received in the axial grooves 25 formedherein set forth connected with the roller system generally in the manner set forth will respond to torques applied to the carriage of the roller system and therefore can be expressed as the reaction of the forces present in the system, and therefore my new arrangement can be described as a torque-loading device responsive to the reaction of all the torques present in the system. I

The axial component developed by this torqueloading device is transmitted to the points of adhesive contact of the system through the races H by means of the thrust bearing system shown generally at 31. i

For establishing an initial driving connection between the members of the system of races and rolling bodies, Ishow at 40 the employment of springs for thispurpose, operating in the mannor that will beset forth more fully hereinafter.

.With the springs functioning as set forth in the preceding paragraph, the application of a torque at either end of the system, forexample,

at the input end C will, as a result of the adhesive relationship between the races and the rolling bodies, immediately set up a reaction in the roller system which will manifest itself in the developmentthrough the disc 2| of a pressure which will be applied as aforementioned to the system of races and rolling bodies, and with changing loads, this reaction will always give a pressure sufficient: for changing requirements. These changing pressures incident to changes in the load and also incident to changes in the speed ratios, where the speed ratio is changed, will give rise to elastic deformations in the members of the system of races and rolling bodies, and these elastic deformations will be compensated for by a displacement of the roller system functioning for compensating purposes through the torque-loading device, so that the roller system can be picturedas oscillating angularly with increases and decreases of elastic deformations incident to increases and decreases of pressure requirements, and as a feature of my invention, I have supported the carriage to permit of such oscillations and so' connected it with the torqueloading devices as to cause these oscillations to provide proper compensation.

A system of this character depending as it does upon the application of pressure to a-plurality of points of adhesive contact will function efiioiently only to the extent to which the pressures are distributed in balanced relation and I will now describe my arrangement for accomplishing this.

This arrangement generally can be described as making races and rolling bodies, and the asso ciated parts, self-aligning as an entirety and furthermore as providing for this self-alignment about a point which might be referred to as the resultant of all the points of adhesive contact between the races and rolling bodies, and further moreproviding that the parts of the system are each'made self aligning aboutits point. I will now describe the arrangement whereby this is done.

The race ring H is supported for free movement with reference to the shaft C and isheld to a spherical alignment by means of the contacting spherical surfaces 42, 33 and the thrust of this race ring is taken up by the angular thrust bearing i t- These spherical surfaces 42 and 43 not only serve to carry race ring ii for selfalignment but also to self-align the thrust. The race ring H which forms part of the assembly of which the thrust bearing 31, the disc 2| and surfaces46 and 41, and'the spherical bearing surfaces 42, 43, 46 and 41 are generated about the same point indicated at 48, which point is intended to be the resultant of the points of contact of the races and rolling bodies and I have attempted to show this by means of the dotted lines and the arrows.

In order that the universal adjustment of the system may be attained without interference, the engaging relationships such as shown in l5, IS in Figure 5, and 24 and 25 in Figure 6 and at and 52 in Figure 1, are all by means of engaging surfaces properly designed for this purpose.

It has already been set forth that the reaction produced by the torques existing in. the system upon the carriage are relied upon to set vup the pressures and that the movement of the carriage is relied upon to set up compensations for the changes in the elastic deformations in the system and the latter feature becomes of particular importance in connection with a system of this character in which the speed ratio is changed.

It is for this reason that I have illustrated at the bottom of Figure 1 an arrangement wherein the speed ratio is varied by a tilting of the rollers and before describing the details of my arrangement for attaining this variation, I will premise that (1) the variation is attained by change of leverage between the elements of the system; (2) the change in leverage is. attained by the tilting of the rollers, and (3) the tilting of the rollers is attained first by an. angling of" the rollers about their points of adhesive contact with the races and the action of the racesrupon the rollers as long as they-remain angled, to give them a rolling movement to successively new positions of tilt until the desired change in tilt has been reached.

For this purpose, the rolling bodies take the forms of rollers l3, the contacting surfaces of which are generated specifically to permit these rollers to maintain a proper adhesive contact .with the toric surfaces of the races as they are perpendicular to the axis through the point of adhesive contact of each roller with the races, as bymeans of pins 85 about whichthe frame 82 swivels. The pins in turn are mounted in ears 86, (see Figure 2)- fixedly related to and carried by the cage20. v c

To impose upon the rollers the aforementioned angling. movement so as to positioneach roller angularly of its normal path of travel, and thus permit the rotation of the races to translate the rollers to successively new positions as theraces rotate, I employ an arrangement which comprises. generally a universal support for each roller and means controlled bythe tilting of the frames 82 to cause each roller to angle in that direction determined by the direction of tilting of 10,1O11ers by the frames'82.

the bolts 94 for controlling the movement of the ring-91. This versal support for each roller is attained" by mounting it upon aself-aligningbearing 81 carried by the pin 88 which in turnis supported from s theframe 8 2; In thismannenthe roller l3can assume any position relatively totheframe within theilimitsfixed bythedesign.

{In Figures 2 and 3 isshown the arrangement by which an angling movement is given to the prises members 89zadjacent the rollers. members are mountedtintermediate their' iends about the pins 88 of the rollers, each member being provided at its terminalr'ends with "the in-- wardly directed projections Siland '90" soarranged as to be. closelyladjacent to theannular ridge formed on the facevof each rollers. While themembers 89 are freeto-swing aboutthepins 88 this swinging movement is limited to ainovement of these members from their full line" position shown in Figure 3 to the dotted line position shown in this figure, and this I- accomplish-by the provisionof pins 9! carried bythe frames and l presented in the pathof swingingrmovement of v i 7 [been member 89 wliich h b a s 1W0 the members 89.

t The roller frames 82 and their attendant and associated parts areall supportedfirromthe roller carrier or cage which bears aboutthe rotatlinks9G=which in turn are operated simultaneously and in unison by the regulating rin'gufll, to whichveach of the-links 96 isaconnected as shown as fixedly associated with the ring i91-.: The ring 91 in turn is supportedfor rectilinear move-.

@ preferred ,or desired manner, as for example by i cage 20. i

, The rectilinear movementmay be impartedto if A .ances inherent tinzthe aoperationf of the master thecontrolling ring -91 in any preferred-or desired manner. r i v t P In Figure 1 I haveillustratedone arrangement arrangement comprises the annular channel 91' formed on the BXtEIfiOI'aSllIfEiCB of the 'discQ'l and -in whichis received the roller 99Hcarriedat the mflQi frec end of the lever: 98' yoperatediby the :shaft "SB andwhiclminturn maygbeoperated in any ,preferred or desired--manner.: l i

It will be assumed that-tthetroller I3 is rotating in the direction rshown by the arrow in Figi. 65' ure 3, in which event themember 89 will be in tthelppositionishown in fullw lines in this 'figure, iandtany angular movement given to theframe 1 82 will causezthe projection-90 tolbe moved into contact n with the, roller to tilt the roller about meanaxis diametricallythrough the-:point of adhesive contact of the races therewithm l a balanced turning" movement for forces applied to opposite" faces of membersila'to each such To-provide each roller by v the rollers, I duplicate the 75 sideof eachtroller so as toprovide two This arrangementcom:

These is-niovedasset v t reached to g t v fi Speedlchange;

[Ifhe direction of movement of "the frames 82 i aboutthe axis of thepins85iwilltthereforede termine which projection llll or 905 of .ealchlmemher 89 is moved into contact'with theroller; and

the direction ofthe rolling movementof the 'roller will determine which ofthe two positions shown in Figure 3 the members 89 will assume.

by apivot 98 carried by awbolt 99, whichis ment along the axis of the transmissionrin any carried byand extending from the x in Figure l l other two the follower rol1ers.,- The-master roller l3 pinned to I05. Upon viewing members for each roller. Upon any angling of If the frame 82 "is moved singularly while the roller li ijis moving in the direction opposite to that shown by the-arrowin Figure 3 the turning movementof the roller will occur exactly as above set forth and in a directiondependent uponthe direction of the angular movement of the framel ilzj; l s t V Upon 'a continued tilting offthe frame 182 by'the disctljfthe members}! will move the "rollerjan'gulariy' to increasing extents. Due to this change-"in its angular position, the roller will roll diagonallyacross the faceof the races to changeits tilt. The controlling member 91 forth,-until a tilt of; the rollers] When the controlling" disc stops moving, however, the rollers will continue to move diagonalsuch movement-will move away from ly and in I thatl'pressure-applying' projection "90 or 90 l of angle, and will move into contact with the pressure=applying projections on the members to the other side'of' thefpins 88- and in such movement will act in connection with theprojections on thatside,-in the samemanner as-it did in con-" nection -withthe initiation of the angling mdvemerit, t'oficause a restoration of the rollers to a T position in thenormal pathof their'travel.

in Figures 8 to "15 Ihave shown an embodiment of my invention wherein themechan sm for" tilting the rollers is different from that shown in Figure 1 in a number ofres'pects among whichare the following: v One of the rollers only ismoved angularly for initiating the speed ratio change, and-ap 'gular movementof the other rollers hereinafter referred to as the followerrollers'for this purpose'ls automatically performed by the transmission apparatus so that in this manner the control of the angling ln'iovement of the rollers is simplified" and made easier. .Asto this advanee m arrangement of Figures 8 to 15 is of general application tovsystems of i this character regardless of whether or not the reaction torqueloading isemployedmfl I v v The. elimination by the invention of the embodimenttof Figure 8 of theffrictional resistand the follower rollersuin the manner shown removes from the system a variant upon the accurate functioning of the carriage so that the onlyyvariant upon such functioning I left is theaction ofthe remote control upon the master roller. r t The roller system of Figure 8 comprises three rollers one ofwhichisythelmaster roller andthe shown in 15 is supported on a Figures ll, 15 and 16-. This pin assembly com- "prisesfa roller shaft lflil which is generally squared as shown at llll and has pins )2 projecting ternally as shown at; HM, fl'rhej ne [03,

these figures it will be oh- Figures s and pin assembly shown lin from; eachnend. 1,93 isnthe bearing whichlhas served that suiiicient play is allowed in the square fitbetWeen the members I03 and miso as to allow the bearing member I03 and the roller carried thereby to move angularly relatively to the shaft and about the swivel pin I05 and therefore about the points of adhesive contact between the races and rolling bodies because the pin I05 is fixed so as to be diametric of such points of adhesive contact. The pins I02 are in Between the roller turn supported in the roller frame 82', which in turn is supported in the spider by means of the pivot pins III and H2 so that the frame 82' can swivel about the axis through these pins. and the supporting frame 02' is mounted the controlling frame II5, (see Figures 8 and 16). This controlling frame is mounted upon the pins I II and H2 so as to rotate about the axis of these two pins; It is, however. free to rotate relatively to the pin III but is engaged to rotate with the pin II2 by means of the flattened end iii of the pin II2 received in the elongated slot II'I formed in the end of the controlling frame II5.

Secured to the pin H2 is the lever I20 which carries at its free end the upwardly directed projection I20 which is shown as in the form of a ball freely received for rotation on the pin I2I carried by the lever I20. This ball is received in the arcuately shaped groove I22 formed in the member I24 which is guided for rectilinear movement by the bolts I25 carried by the housing. Member I24 is shifted rectilinearly by means of the crank I25 which has therein the slot I26 inwhich is received the pin I21 carried by the member I24. is operated in any preferred or desired manner asfor example by the shaft I28.

In this manner the member I24 is given the parallel reciprocation so as to permit the lever I20 to freely angle for purposes of angling the controlling frame I5, and the arrangement shown Permits of the proper functioning of the reciprocating movement of the member I24 to give an angling movement to the member I20.

The angling movement given to the member I20 will give acorresponding angling movement to the controlling frame H5, and this angling movement ofthe controlling frame will cause one or the other of the projections I00 of the member I29 in accordance with the direction of turn of the roller to apply pressure to the ridge I00 formed on the roller I0 just as set forth in connection with the embodiment of Figure 1 and a pin IOI carried by the frame II5 will cooperate with themember I29 also just as in the embodiment of Figure 1.

It will be understood, of course, that here also the member I20 and its associated parts may be duplicated for the opposite side of the roller.

In this manner the master roller l0 will be given a translating movement across the face of the races to cause it to tilt and in such tilting operation will carry with it the roller frame 82' and this roller frame in turn will tilt the frames of the other two rollers in the manner I will now describe.

The pin III ofthe controlling frame is received in the enlarged opening III' (see Figure 9).

Slidably mounted upon the bearing extension I02 of the carriage'is the annulus I30. This annulus is provided with annular groove I00 in which is received a pin I04 carried by the ears I 05 projecting from the frame 82' of the master roller so that any tiltingof the frame of the master roller will initiate a sliding movement of control groove I46 in the follower The crank I26 inturn the tilting of the frames of the follower rollers will initiate an angular movement of the follower rollers themselves.

The pin assembly of each follower roller is shown in Figures 12, 13 and 14. This pin assembly comprises the squared center piece I40 beveled off as shown in Figure 14 so as to provide a head I and the projecting pins I42. square shaft is received in a'square bore of a roller bearing I44, which is like the roller pin I00 in the master roller pin assembly, and both are connected by the swivel pin I45 answerable to the swivel pin I05 in the master roller pin assembly. The pin assembly of the follower roller distinguishes itself from the pin assembly of the master roller in that the head I is received in the groove I40 so that it can assume one of two extreme positions apart; This frame is inclined at an angle of 45 to the axis diametric of points, of adhesive contact. The swivel pin I45 will be at an angle of 45 to this axis and either to one side or the other thereof.

The position of the head I and therefore of the pin assembly will-depend upon the direction of rotation of the roller but whichever way the roller is rotated, it will be at 45 to the axis diametrically through the points of adhesive contact.

With this condition of the parts, if-a .turning movement is given to the frame about itslaxis this will cause the roller to angle about the-points of contact simultaneously with the angling of the master roller.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as'new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A transmission comprising torque-transmitting members, races associated with said members so as to transmit torques passing through said members, a system of rollers in adhesive rolling contact with said races so as to transmit torques therebetweet'i. and a mounting for said races whereby they are made automatically selfaligning about a common center.

2. A transmission comprising torque-transmitting members, races associated with said members so as to transmit torques passing through said members, a system of rollers in adhesive rolling contact with said races so as to transmit torques therebetween, and a mounting for said races whereby they are made automatically selfaligning about a common center positioned in a plane passing through the rolling bodies.

3. A transmission comprising torque-transmitting members, races associated with said members, so as to transmit torques passing through said members, a system of rollers in adhesive roiling contact with said races so as to transmit torques therebetween, said races being associated with hearing members provided with spherical bearing surfaces in contact with complementary spherical surfaces one of which is associated with said torque-transmitting members and another of which is associated with the frame of the transmission, said surfaces all havg n I 1,097,631 ing a common center, wherebysaid races are center." I I I I 4. In combination, a rotatable driving'shaft.

automatically selfaiigning about a" common a rotatable driven shaft andnieansior driving one shaftirom the other comprising a system of interacting races and rolling bodies operativeiy associated with said shafts; said races being and rolling bodies, said races beingoperatively mounted so as to rotate with said shafts and said roiling bodies being injadhesive driving contact withsaid races, so as to transmit power therebetween',a member movable by the reaction forces between the rollers; and the races, a torque-loading device fordeveloping and applying the required pressure to the points otadhesive contactof the races and rolling bodies to maintain the adhesive driving contact thereof, means operative between said member and said torque-loading device whereby torques in said member are transmitted to said torque-loading device and means operative between saidtorqueloading device: and one olthe races for transmitting pressure thereto and a mounting for said torque-loading device and associated race whereby they are adapted for limited displacement so as to be self-aligningas an assembly withreierence to therolling bodies 5. In a power transmission, for transmitting power from a rotating driving member to amtating coaxial driven member, a system ofraces associated with said members and said rolling bodies being located between said races and adapted to transmit power from one to the other by adhesive rolling contact, an element for carrying said rolling bodies,means for generating axial pressuresto maintain adhesivecontact between said races and rolling bodies in response to torques transmitted to it, saidmeans comprising amember movable with saidelement and "adapted to transmit torques from said element i to said meansmeans to transmit axial pressures generated by said axial pressure generating means to said lastmentionedrace, and mountingsi'or said means, said member and saidlastmentioned race whereby they are adapted for self-aligning adjustment about a point coincidmg with the resultant of the points of,contact of theraces and rolling bodi i i '6. In a power transmissioni'or'transmitting power from arotating driving member to a rotating coaxial drivenmember, a system of races and rolling bodies," said races being operatively associated with said membersfand said rolling bodies being located between said races and adapted to transmit power from one to the other by adhesive driving contact, amounting. for one of said races whereby it, may move axially toward the other race,'an elementforcarrying said rolling bodies, means tor generating axial pressures to maintain the adhesive driving contact between said races and rolling bodies inresponse to torques transmitted toit, said means compris ing a member movable with said element and tating coaxial driven member a system of races and roliingbodies, said races'being' operatively associated withsaid members and said rolling perr'phery of said last-mentioned race.

bodies beinglocated between apair of races and adapted "to transmit power from one to the other by adhesive rollingcontact,,a mounting for one of said races whereby it rnay move axially toward the other race,an element, for carrying said rolling bodies, means for generatingaxial pressures to maintain adhesive rolling contact be- .tween said races and rolling bodies in response to torques transmitted toit, said means come [prising a member movable with said element and adapted to transmit torques from said element to said means, means to transmit axial pressures generated by said axial pressure generating means to fsaid movable race, and a mounting for said member whereby it is adapted for self adjustment by movement transverse to the axis of the said races.

8. In a power transmission system,-a pair of opposed coaxialrotatable, toricraces, and rollers therebetween and in adhesive driving contact therewith, for transmitting power from one of said races to the other, a mountingforone of the other race, a member positioned between said racesin which saidrollers are journalled, a

mounting for said member wherebyit is adapted to 'pivotabout the axis of the races, means said races whereby itis adapted to move toward forconverting torque into axial pressure and for applying it to said movable race so as -to cause it to move toward the other race and thereby to maintain the adhesive driving contact between said races and rollers, said means being positioned externally of the race and f roller system,

and an operative connection between said memher in which said rollers are journailed and said pressure means, whereby the torques acting on said member are transmitted to said torque converting means and converted into an axial pressure. said connection being efiected along a path external to theperipheryof the race that is positioned betweensaid member and said torque converting means; r e I 9. In a power transmission system, a fixed support, a pairot opposed coaxial toric races rotat-,

ably mounted in relation to; said support, and

rollers between. said races and in adhesive driving contact therewith for transmittingpower from one of saidraces to the other, a mounting for-one of saidraces whereby it is adapted, to move toward the other race, a member positioned between said races in which said rollers are journalled, a mounting tor said member whereby it is adapted, to pivot about the axis of the races, ,means tor converting torque into axial pressure 65 and for applying it tosaid movablerace so as to cause it to move toward the other race and there- 'by to. maintain the adhesive driving contact between said races and rollers. said means being positioned externally of the race and roller system, I 60 and between one of the races and the fixed support, and an operative connection between said ,member'in which said rollers are journalled and said. pressure generating means, whereby "the torques acting on said frame are transmitted to said torque converting means and converted into an axial pressure, said connection being effected along a path external to and surrounding the 10. In a power transmission system, a fixed support, a pair of opposed coaxial toric races rotatably mounted-in relation to said support, and

rollers between said races and in adhesive driving contact, therewith for transmitting power from one of said races to the. other, a mounting for one of said races whereby it is adapted to move toward the other race, a member positioned between said races in which said rollers are journalled, a mounting for said member whereby it is adapted to pivot about theaxis oi the races, means for converting torque into axial pressure and for applying it'to said movable race so as to cause it to moveand thereby to maintain the adhesive driving contact between said races and rollers, said means being positioned externally of the race and roller system, and between one of the races and the fixed support, and an operative connection between said'member in which said rollers are journalled and saidpressure generating means, whereby the torques acting on said frame are transmitted to said torque converting means and converted into an axial pressure, said connection being effected along a plurality of paths symmetrically arranged .exteriorly of the periphery of the race that is positioned between the member and'said torque converting means.

11. In a power; transmission system, a fixed support, a pair of opposed coaxial toric races rotatably mounted in relation to said support, and rollers between said races and in adhesive driving contact therewith for transmitting power from one of said races to the other, a mounting for one of said races whereby it is adapted to move toward the other race, a member positioned between said races in which said rollers are journalied, a mounting for said member whereby it is adapted to pivot about the axis of the races,

means for converting torque into axial pressure.

and for applying it to said movable'race so as to cause it to move and thereby to maintain the adhesive driving contact between said races and rollers, saidmeans being positioned externally of the race and roller system and between one of the races and the fixed support, and an operative connection between said member in which said rollers are journalled and said pressure gerierating means, whereby the torques acting on said frame are transmitted to said torque converting means and converted into' an axial pressure, said connection being e'ifectedalong a path external to and surrounding the periphery of said last mentioned race by interengaging surfaces adapted to permit universal relative adjustment.

12. In a power transmission system; a fixed support, a pair of opposed coaxial toric races rotatably mounted in relation to said support, and rollers between said races and in adhesive driving contact therewith for transmitting power "of the "race and roller system and between one of the races and the fixed support; and an operative connection between said member in which said rollers are journalled and said pressuregencrating means, whereby the torques acting on said frame are transmitted to said torque converting means and converted into an axial pressure, said connection being eifectedalong a path external to and surrounding the periphery of said last mentioned race by interengaging surfaces adapted to permit relative sliding.

13. In a power transmission system of the race and roller type, a rotatable member, a race mounted on said member for rotation therewith but free to slide in relation thereto, a second race coaxially surrounding said member and freely rotatable relatively thereto, means preventing axial movement of said second race with relation to said member, said races being of the toric type,

a system of rollers between'said races and in adhesive driving contact therewith for transmitting power from one of said races to the other, a carrier for said rollers adapted to move under the action of the resultant torque passing through the rollers, means for converting torques into axial pressure, said means being positioned to one side of said first mentioned race and externally to the race and roller system, means for transmitting the torque from said carrier to said axial pressure generating means, and means intermediate said axial pressure generating means and said first mentioned race whereby axial pressures from said axial pressure generating means are transmitted to said first-mentioned race but torques are not transmitted.

14. In a power transmission system of the race and roller type, a fixed support, a-rotatable member journalled in said support, a race mounted on said member for rotation therewith but free to slide in relation thereto, a second race coaxially surrounding said member and freely rotatable relative thereto, means on said support for preventing axial movement of said second race, said 7 races being of the toric type, a system of rollers between'said races and in adhesive driving contact therewith for transmitting power from one of said races to the other, a carrier for said rollers, means for converting torques into axial pressure, said means being positioned to one side of said first mentioned race and externally to the race and roller system and between the same and a portion'of' said support, means for transmitting the torques from said carrier to said axial pressure generating means, and means intermediate said axial pressure generating means and said first mentioned race whereby axial pressures from said axial pressure generating means are transmitted to said first mentioned race but torques are not transmitted.

15. In a power transmission system of the toric race and roller type, a rotatable driven member, and-a rotatable driving member coaxial therewith, the end of one of said members being provided with a recess and carrying within said recess a bearing within which is vjournalled the end of the other 01 said members, said other member being surrounded by a pair of opposed toric races, a mounting for one of said races comprising a keyed connection with said other member whereby it is constrained to rotate therewith but is free to slide in relation to said membena driving connection between the other of. said races and said bearing-carrying member, rollers between said races and in adhesive driving contact therewith for transmitting power from one of said races" to theother, a yieldable carrier for said rollers and means associated with said yieldable carrier and adapted to move and to become operative when said carrier yields, for converting the torques passing therethr'ough into an axial pressure and for applying said axial pressure to one of said races so as to maintain the adhesive driving contact between said races and rollers.

'16. In a power transmission system of the toric race and roller type, a fixed support, a rotatable driven member and aprotatable driving member coaxial therewith journalled in said support, the end of one of said members being iournalled within the end of the other of said members, said one member being surrounded by a pair of opposed toric races, a mounting for one of said races comprising a keyed connection with said onemember whereby it is constrained to rotate therewith but is free to slide in relation thereto, and a mounting for the other of said races whereby it is rotatable in relation to said member, a driving connection between said last named race and said of said races so as to maintain the adhesive driving contact between said races and rollers, said last named means being adapted to move and to become operative when said carrier yields.

17. In a friction transmission of the tcric race and roller type, two coaxially opposed toric surfaces and rollers therebetween, a mounting for one of said rollers comprising a frame free to tilt and a bearing for said-roller supported by said frame for free angling movement about an axis passing through the contact points of the roller with the races but restricted to tilt in unison with said frame, a second frame tiltable independently of said first frame and operator operable means for tilting this second frame, a roller engaging element carried by said second frame so as to be capable of rotational movement in the direction of rotation of the roller and means for limiting said rotational movement to a predetermined are.

18. In a friction transmission system of the toric race and roller tyne, coaxially opposed toric surfaces and rollers therebetween, a mounting for one of said rollers comprising a frame free to tilt and a bearing for said roller carried by said frame so as to be capable of free angling movement about an axis passing through the contact points of the roller with the races, means for causing said bearing to tilt in unisonwith the said frame, a second frame tiitable independently of said first frame and operator operable means for tilting said second frame, a roller engaging element carried by said second frameso as to be capable of rotational movement in the direction of rotation of the roller and a stop for limiting said rotational movement to a predetermined are, said element being spaced only slightly from part of the surface of the roller, so as to engage the roller whenever the said second frame is tilted.

ALAIN MADLE. 

